Members,
Approximately twice as many women as men get diagnosed with MDD (major depressive disorder). Hormonal changes such as menstrual cycle changes, pregnancy, miscarriage, postpartum changes, pre-menopause, and menopause may contribute to the higher rate of MDD in women, but these differences between men and women are not the whole story.
Women seem to be more vulnerable to depression following childbirth and it's very common for new mothers to show some symptoms of depression. It may be that the hormonal and physical changes associated with childbirth and the post-partum period and the stress associated with such an important life event are factors that can result in postpartum depression. However, MDD following the birth of a child is not normal. It is a serious problem that requires help right away.
While hormonal factors may be important, it may be that MDD is more common in women because women are simply under more stress than men. Women often have responsibilities to work outside the home and do most of the work that needs to be done inside the home, including caring for children and aging parents, and maintaining relationships. In addition, women have the stress associated with being a single parent more often than men.
Another reason why women may be more likely to become depressed compared to men is that women's sense of self seems to be largely derived from their relationships. In order to preserve their relationships (and hence self-esteem) women are more likely to initiate and maintain relationships in self-sacrificing ways making them particularly vulnerable to depression. Also, in times of conflict, women are more likely to ruminate or think "over and over again" about the conflict. Thinking too much about something negative often leads to increased feelings of depression.
Finally, as compared to men, women may be more likely to admit to being depressed and doctors may be more likely to ask women about depression.
Danielle, Bilingual Health Educator
